Campbell Biology Concepts & Connections Practice Test

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During transcription, in which direction is the mRNA synthesized?

Synthesis in the 5' to 3' direction

During transcription, the RNA strand is built in the 5' to 3' direction. RNA polymerase adds ribonucleotides to the 3' end of the growing chain, reading the DNA template strand in the 3' to 5' direction. This setup means the mRNA sequence alignment mirrors the DNA coding strand (with U replacing T). The key point is that bond formation and nucleotide addition occur at the 3' end, forcing synthesis to proceed from 5' toward 3'.

Synthesis in the 3' to 5' direction

Synthesis in the 3' to 3' direction

Synthesis in the 5' to 5' direction

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